The working-age population of India is growing in size, the labour force is shifting away from agriculture and, with higher education, workers are also seeking better-quality non-agricultural jobs. However, the trends between 2004-05 and 2011-12 indicate that employment generation in the country has been inadequate to meet this challenge. Construction has virtually become the only source of incremental employment in rural India. In the urban areas, men have been able to obtain a disproportionate share of high-productivity employment.
