Old edition of NCERT Books are still high in demand in terms of UPSC IAS Exam Preparation because it has extensive coverage of the topics given in the UPSC IAS Exam syllabus. The IAS aspirants find it difficult to get an old edition NCERT book from market due to its unavailability in the market.
Here, we have provided Multiple Choice Questions of Medieval Indian History which have been created from the old edition of NCERT book, go and check your level of your Preparation of IAS Prelims Exam.
1. Which of the following place is considered as the birth place of Akbar, the greatest of Mughal rulers?
a. Kabul
b. Agra
c. Amarkot
d. Delhi
Answer: c
Explanation: When Humayun was retreating from Bikaner, he was gallantly offered shelter and help by the Rana of Amarkot It was at Amarkot in 1542, that Akbar, the greatest of the Mughal rulers, was born. When Humayun fled to Iran, young Akbar was captured by his uncle, Kamran. He treated the child well. Akbar was re-united with his parents after the capture of Qandhar.
2. Who among the following had given the title of Khan-i-khanan during the reign of Humayun?
a. Bairam Khan
b. Akbar
c. Humayun
d. Kamran Mirza
Answer: a
Explanation: Bairam Khan was an important military commander, later commander in chief of the Mughal army, a powerful statesman and regent at the court of the Mughal emperors Humayun and Akbar, also guardian, chief mentor, advisor, teacher and most trusted person of Humayun. Humayun honored him as Khan-i-Khanan, which means king of kings. Bairam was originally called Bairam "Beg" but later, however, becoming honoured as 'Kha' or Khan.
3. In which of the following year Akbar, the Mughal ruler saw sea for the first time?
a. 1542
b. 1556
c. 1572
d. 1582
Answer: c
Explanation: Akbar was born in the year 1542 but he saw sea for the first time in the year 1572. At Cambay, Akbar saw the sea for the first time, and rode on it in a boat. A group of Portuguese merchants also came and met him for the first time. The Portuguese dominated the Indian seas by this time, and had the ambition of establishing an empire in India. Akbar’s conquest of Gujarat frustrated these designs.
4. Who among the following was the last Afghan ruler defeated and executed by Mughal ruler?
a. Munaim Khan
b. Daud Khan
c. Mirza Khan
d. Bahadur Shah
Answer: b
Explanation: The Mughal armies under the command of then Khan-i-khanan, Munaim Khan invaded Bengal and, after hard campaigning, Daud was forced to sue for peace. He rose in rebellion soon afterwards. Though the Mughal position in Bengal and Bihar was still weak, the Mughal armies were better organised and led. In a stiff battle in Bihar in 1576, Daud Khan was defeated and executed on the spot. Thus the Mughals ended the last Afghan kingdom in northern India. It also brought to an end the first phase of Akbar’s expansion of the empire.
5. Consider the following statements regarding the qanungos, who were the hereditary holders of lands during the Mughal reign of Akabar:
I. The qanungos, who were hereditary holders of land as well as local officials conversant with local conditions, were ordered to report on the actual produce, state of cultivation, local prices, etc.
II. It is said that, in every area, the qanungos were dishonest and often concealed the real produce of the land.
III. It is said that, in every area, the qanungos were considered as the most faithful and loyal officials towards their Mughal rulers.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: b
Explanation: The qanungos, who were hereditary holders of land as well as local officials conversant with local conditions, were ordered to report on the actual produce, state of cultivation, local prices, etc. But in every area, the qanungos were dishonest and often concealed the real produce. Annual assessments also resulted in great difficulty for the peasants and for the state.
6. Which of the following officials were responsible for the collection of crore of dams during the rule of Akbar?
a. Qanungos
b. Karoris
c. Mansabdars
d. Amil
Answer: b
Explanation: Officials called karoris were appointed all over north India. They were responsible for the collection of a crore of dams (Rs. 250,000), and also checked the facts and figures supplied by the qanungos. On the basis of the information provided by them regarding the actual produce, local prices, productivity, etc., in 1580, Akbar instituted a new system called the dahsala.
7. Consider the following statements regarding the system of dahsala instituted by Akbar:
I. Under this system, the average produce of different crops as well as the average prices prevailing over the last ten (dah) years were calculated.
II. One-third of the average produce was the state share and the state demand was, however, stated in cash.
III. The produce of a bigha of land under share was given in maunds but on the basis of average prices, the state demand was fixed in rupees per bigha.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: Under this system, the average produce of different crops as well as the average prices prevailing over the last ten (dah) years were calculated. One-third of the average produce was the state share. The state demand was, however, stated in cash This was done by converting the state share into money on the basis of a schedule or average prices over the past ten years. Thus, the total produce of a bigha of land under share was given in maunds. But on the basis of average prices, the state demand was fixed in rupees per bigha.
8. Consider the following statements regarding the zabti system incorporated by Akbar during his reign:
I. The system of measurement and the assessment based upon that measurement is called the zabti system.
II. Akbar introduced this system in the area from Lahore to Allahabad, and in Malwa and Gujarat.
III. The zabti system was a further development or the dahsala system.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: b
Explanation: The system of measurement and the assessment based upon it is called the zabti system. Akbar introduced this system in the area from Lahore to Allahabad, and in Malwa and Gujarat. The dahsala system was a further development or the zabti system.
9. Consider the follo9wing statements regarding batai or ghalla-bakhshi system of assessment followed under Akbar:
I. In this system, the produce was divided between the peasants and the state in fixed proportion.
II. The crop was divided after it had been thrashed, or when it had been cut and tied in stacks, or while it was standing in the field.
III. This system was considered a very fair one, but it needed an army of honest officials to be present at the time of the ripening or the reaping of the crops.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: A number of other systems of assessment were also followed under Akbar. The most common and perhaps, the oldest were called batai or ghalla-bakhshi. In this system, the produce was divided between the peasants and the state in fixed proportion. The crop was divided after it had been thrashed, or when it had been cut and tied in stacks, or while it was standing in the field. This system was considered a very fair one, but it needed an army of honest officials to be present at the time of the ripening or the reaping of the crops.
10. Which of the following statements is correct regarding the batai and zabti system?
I. The peasants were allowed to choose between zabti and batai under certain conditions. Thus, such a choice was given when the crops had been ruined.
II. Under batai, the peasants were given no choice and they had to pay in kind only.
III. In case of crops such as cotton, indigo, oil-seeds, sugar-cane, etc., the state demand was invariably in cash.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: c
Explanation: The peasants were allowed to choose between zabti and batai under certain conditions. Thus, such a choice was given when the crops had been ruined. Under batai, the peasants were given the choice or paying in cash or in kind, though the state preferred cash. In case of crops such as cotton, indigo, oil-seeds, sugar-cane, etc., the state demand was invariably in cash. Hence, these were called cash-crops.
11. Which of the following statements is incorrect regarding the various systems prevailed during the reign of Akbar?
a. Nasaq was a system of measurement and the assessment based upon that measurement.
b. In the galla-bakhshi system, the produce was divided between the peasants and the state in fixed proportion.
c. Zabti was a system of measurement and the assessment based upon that measurement.
d. The zabti system is associated with Raja Todar Mal, and k sometimes called Todar Mal's bandobast.
Answer: a
Explanation: A third system after zabti and galla-bakshi which was widely used in Akbar's time was nasaq. The historians are a bit uncertain about this system. It seems that it meant a rough calculation of the amount payable by the peasant on the basis of what he had been paying in the past. Hence, some modern historians think that it was merely a system of computing the peasant's dues, not a different system of assessment. Others think that it meant rough appraisement both on the basis of the inspection or the crops and past experience, and thereby fixing the amount to be paid by the village as a whole. It is also called kankut’.
12. Consider the following statements regarding the continuity of cultivation on the basis of that the fixing of land revenue was to be done:
I. Land which remained under cultivation almost every year was called polaj.
II. Land when it remained uncultivated it was called parati (fallow).
III. Land which had been fallow for two to three years was called chachar, and if longer than that, banjar.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. I and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: In fixing the land revenue, continuity of cultivation was taken into account. Land which remained under cultivation almost every year was called polaj. When it remained uncultivated it was called parati (fallow). Parati land paid at the full (polaj) rate when it was cultivated. Land which had been fallow for two to three years was called chachar, and if longer than that, banjar. These were assessed at concessional rates, the revenue demand gradually rising till the full or polaj rate was paid in the fifth or the eighth year. In this way, the state helped in bringing virgin and uncultivated wasteland under cultivation.
13. Consider the following statement regarding Akbar’s interest in the cultivation throughout his kingdom:
I. Akbar never shown his interest in any affairs of cultivation and he never cared about any improvement and extension of cultivation during his reign.
II. Akbar advocated to provide advance money by way of loans (taccavi) to the peasants for seeds, implements, animals, etc., in times of need, and to recover them in easy instalments.
III. Akbar asked the amil to act like a father to the peasants.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: c
Explanation: Akbar was deeply interested in the improvement and extension of cultivation. He asked the amil to act like a father to the peasants. He was to advance money by way of loans (taccavi) to the peasants for seeds, implements, animals, etc., in times of need, and to recover them in easy instalments. He was to try and induce the peasants to plough as much land as possible and to sow superior quality crops. The zamindars of the area were also enjoined to cooperate in the task. The zamindars had a hereditary right to take a share of the produce. The peasants, too, had a hereditary right to cultivate their land and could not be ejected as long as they paid the land revenue.
14. Consider the following statements about Raja Toda Mal:
I. Todar Mal was a brilliant revenue officer who first served under Sher Shah.
II. The galla-bakshi system is associated with Raja Todar Mal, and is sometimes called Todar Mal's bandobast.
III. Todar Mal was a brilliant revenue officer who first served under Babur not under Sher Shah.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: a
Explanation: The zabti system is associated with Raja Todar Mal, and is sometimes called Todar Mal's bandobast. Todar Mal was a brilliant revenue officer who first served under Sher Shah. But he was only one of a team of brilliant revenue officials who came to the forefront under Akbar.
15. Consider the following statements regarding the mansabdari system:
I. Under this system, every officer was assigned a rank (mansab).
II. The lowest rank was 10, and the highest was 5000 for the nobles; towards the end of the reign it was raised to 7000.
III. Princes of the blood received higher mansabs.
Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
a. Only I
b. I and II
c. II and III
d. All of the above
Answer: d
Explanation: Akbar could not have been able to expand his empire and maintain his hold over it without a strong army. For this purpose, it was necessary for him to organise the nobility as well as his army. Akbar realised both these objectives by means of the mansabdari system. Under this system, every officer was assigned a rank (mansab). The lowest rank was 10, and the highest was 5000 for the nobles; towards the end of the reign it was raised to 7000. Princes of the blood received higher mansabs
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