The article analyses the performance of 1991 reforms in terms of Poverty and Inequality in the society and the way forward.
There is a feeling that we should have some flagship programmes like MGNREGA to reduce poverty.
But equitable growth is much broader than this and productive inclusion in terms of generating quality employment should be the focus of any inclusive approach.
Employment focus is the major part of equity approach. Studies have shown that agricultural growth leads to reduction in poverty twice as that of non-agriculture.
We need more diversified agriculture for raising the income of farmers. However, future employment has to be created in manufacturing and service.
In this context, the Make in India initiative, focus on start-ups, Mudra, financial inclusion, etc., are steps in the right direction.
Equally, service sector employment has to be promoted. Over time, the share of the organized sector has to be raised while simultaneously improving productivity in the unorganized sector.
Youth unemployment is high. This is one reason for unrest and social tensions. The need for skill development and productive jobs to reap the demographic dividend is obvious.
For reducing inequality:
Many reckon that poor governance is the biggest constraint in achieving the aspirations of a new generation and reduction in poverty and inequality. Examine the statement in the context of Indian society.
