i) India had to import certain primary products such as raw silk, cotton, wool, sugar, indigo, jute etc.
ii) Finished consumer goods like cotton, silk and woolen clothes and capital goods were exported from Britain.
Which of the above is/are correct with regard to foreign trade during colonial rule?
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 1.b
Explanation: India became an exporter of primary products such as raw silk, cotton, wool, sugar, indigo, jute etc. and an importer of finished consumer goods like cotton, silk and woolen clothes and capital goods like light machinery produced in the factories of Britain.
2. Consider the following Statements:
i) Nearly three-forth parts of Indian foreign trade during colonial rule was with nearby countries like China, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and Persia (Iran)
ii) The remaining foreign trade was with Britain only.
Which of the above is/are correct?
a) Both are correct
b) Both are incorrect
c) (i) correct (ii) incorrect
d) (ii) correct (i) incorrect
Answer 2.b
Explanation: More than half of India’s foreign trade was restricted to Britain while the rest was allowed with a few other countries like China, Ceylon (Sri Lanka) and Persia (Iran).
3. Which of the following led to the drain of Indian wealth?
i) Payments for the expenses incurred by an office set up by the colonial government in Britain
ii) Expenses on war, fought by the Indian kings
iii) Import of invisible items
Which of the above is/are correct?
a) All are correct
b) (i), (iii) correct and (ii) incorrect
c) (i), (ii) correct and (iii) incorrect
d) (ii), (iii) correct and (i) incorrect
Answer 3.b
Explanation: Expenses on war, fought by the British government, contributed to the drain of Indian wealth.
4. Consider the following Statements:
i) Various details about the population of British India were first collected through a census in 1831.
ii) Though suffering from certain limitations, it revealed the evenness in India’s population growth.
Select the correct alternative:
a) Both are correct
b) Both are incorrect
c) (i) correct (ii) incorrect
d) (ii) correct (i) incorrect
Answer 4.b
Explanation: First census was conducted in 1881. It revealed the unevenness in India’s population growth
5. Which of the below statements are incorrect about the Suez Canal?
i) It connects Gulf of Suez on the Mediterranean Sea with the Port Said, an arm of the Red Sea.
ii) It is one of the most important waterways in the world, whose opening in 1869 reduced the cost of transportation and made access to the Indian market easier.
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 5. a
Explanation: It connects Port Said on the Mediterranean Sea with the Gulf of Suez, an arm of the Red Sea.
6. Consider the following Statements:
i) The second stage of demographic transition began after 1931.
ii) Both the total population of India and the rate of population growth at this stage were very high.
Which of the above are true?
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 6. d
Explanation: The second stage of transition began after 1921. However, neither the total population of India nor the rate of population growth at this stage was very high.
7. Consider the following characteristics of various social development indicators at the time of the second demographic transition:
i) Public health facilities were either unavailable to large chunks of population or, when available, were highly inadequate.
ii) However, water and air-borne diseases were not very rampant and considerably less life-threatening.
Which of the above are not correct?
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 7. b
Explanation: Water and air-borne diseases were rampant and took a huge toll on life.
8. Consider the following statements regarding the occupational structure of India during the colonial period:
i) The distribution of working persons across different industries and sectors, showed a dramatic change.
Ii) The agricultural sector accounted for the largest share of workforce, which usually remained at a high of 70-75 % while the manufacturing and the services sectors accounted for only 10 and 15-20 % respectively.
Select the correct statements:
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 8. b
Explanation: During the colonial period, the distribution of working persons across different industries and sectors, showed little sign of change.
9. The inland water transport is being emphasized today. Consider the following with regard to inland waterways during the colonial time:
i) Along with the development of roads and railways, the colonial dispensation also took measures for developing the inland trade and sea lanes.
ii) Though the Coast Canal on the Orissa coast was built at a meagre cost to the government exchequer, yet, it strongly competed with the railways.
Select the correct statements:
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 9. a
Explanation: The Coast Canal on the Orissa coast was built at a huge cost to the government exchequer, yet, it failed to compete with the railways, which soon traversed the region running parallel to the canal, and had to be ultimately abandoned.
10. The inland water transport is being emphasized today. Consider the following with regard to inland waterways during the colonial time:
i) Along with the development of roads and railways, the colonial dispensation also took measures for developing the inland trade and sea lanes.
ii) Though the Coast Canal on the Orissa coast was built at a meagre cost to the government exchequer, yet, it strongly competed with the railways.
Select the correct statements:
a) Only (i)
b) Only (ii)
c) Both (i) and (ii)
d) Neither (i) nor (ii)
Answer 10. a
Explanation: The Coast Canal on the Orissa coast was built at a huge cost to the government exchequer, yet, it failed to compete with the railways, which soon traversed the region running parallel to the canal, and had to be ultimately abandoned.
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